Journal Press India^®

Author Details ( * ) denotes Corresponding author

The rationale of this study was to explore the association between organizational justice and job satisfaction among employees in North Indian organisations, and to analyse the role of acquiescent silence (AS) as an intermediary in the relationship between procedural justice (PJ) and job satisfaction (JS). Data was gathered through a structured questionnaire from 500 employees who are currently employed in banking organizations. Our initial hypotheses were analysed using SPSS and Amos 21. The results revealed high correlation between procedural justice and job satisfaction and the employee silence partially mediated the association between procedural justice and job satisfaction. In other words, as the perception of justice increases, the level of satisfaction among employees also increase. This study demonstrates the significance of an environment of procedural fairness in combating the influence of acquiescent silence among employees. The findings of this study can be useful for organizations seeking to increase employee job satisfaction.

Keywords

Organizational justice, Procedural justice, Acquiescent silence, Job satisfaction, Organisations

1. Adamska, K., & Jurek, P. (2017). Adaptation of the four forms of employee silence scale in a polish sample. Current Issues in Personality Psychology, 5(4), 303-312.
2. Alarabiat, Y. A., & Eyupoglu, S. (2022). Is silence golden? The influence of employee silence on the transactional leadership and job satisfaction relationship. Sustainability, 14(22), 15205.
3. Al-Zu’bi, H. A. (2010). A study of relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 102-109.
4. Anisha, B., & Melvin, C.L.J. (2020). Work life balance and job satisfaction: A review of literature.  MANTHAN: Journal of Commerce and Management, 7(2), 108-116.
5. Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological bulletin, 107(2), 238-246.
6. Brinsfield, C. T. (2013). Employee silence motives: Investigation of dimensionality and development of measures. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(5), 671-697.
7. Byrne, B. M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS, EQS, and LISREL: Comparative approaches to testing for the factorial validity of a measuring instrument. International Journal of Testing, 1(1), 55-86.
8. Cetin, T. (2014). Organizational justice as a predictor of organizational silence. Educational Research and Reviews, 9(21), 1190-1202.
9. Curry, J. P., Wakefield, D. S., Price, J. L., & Mueller, C. W. (1986). On the causal ordering of job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Academy of Management Journal, 29(4), 847-858.
10. Deniz, N., Noyan, A., & Ertosun, Ö. G. (2013). The relationship between employee silence and organizational commitment in a private healthcare company. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 99, 691-700.
11. Durrah, O., & Chaudhary, M. (2020). Negative behaviors among employees: The impact on the intention to leave work. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 17(1), 106-124.
12. Elamin, A. M. (2012). Perceived organizational justice and work‐related attitudes: A study of Saudi employees. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 8(1), 71-88.
13. Firmansyah, D. M., Sundjoto, S., & Rahayu, S. (2024). The effect of distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice on job satisfaction of employees of the tax service office (KPP) pratama sidoarjo utara. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(3), 775-791.
14. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.
15. Getahun, D.A. (2020). Organisational justice and its effect on organisational commitment: A study of selected civil service organisations of Gondar city administration. MANTHAN: Journal of Commerce and Management, 7(1), 31-46.
16. Hao, L., Zhu, H., He, Y., Duan, J., Zhao, T., & Meng, H. (2022). When is silence golden? A meta-analysis on antecedents and outcomes of employee silence. Journal of Business and Psychology, 37(5), 1039-1063.
17. Hao, Y., Hao, J., & Wang, X. (2016). The relationship between organizational justice and job satisfaction: Evidence from China. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 7(2), 115-128.
18. Hsieh, H. H., & Huang, J. T. (2022). Why and when are silent employees less satisfied with their jobs? A conservation of resources perspective. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 37(4), 319-331.
19. Ibrahim, A., Fitria, A., & Majid, M. S. A. (2022). Do distributive and procedural justice matter for job satisfaction? The case of state Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia. International Journal of Management in Education, 16(3), 291-316.
20. Kivimäki, M., Elovainio, M., Vahtera, J., & Ferrie, J. E. (2003). Organisational justice and health of employees: Prospective cohort study. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 60(1), 27-34.
21. Lambert, E. G., Keena, L. D., Leone, M., May, D., & Haynes, S. H. (2020). The effects of distributive and procedural justice on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of correctional staff. The Social Science Journal, 57(4), 405-416.
22. Lather, A. S., & Kaur, S. (2024). Do fair treatments matter in managing diverse groups? A study on organisational justice and individual work behaviour. In VUCA and Other Analytics in Business Resilience, Part B (pp. 1-20). Emerald Publishing Limited.
23. Locke, E.A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. In Dunnette, M. (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology (pp. 1297-1349). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
24. Malik, S. Z., Iqbal, M., & Sheikh, L. (2020). Effect of types of employee silence on job satisfaction and subjective well-being. Journal of the Research Society of Pakistan, 57(1),    681-693.
25. Mert, I. S., Sen, C., & Alzghoul, A. (2021). Organizational justice, life satisfaction, and happiness: The mediating role of workplace social courage. Kybernetes, 51(7), 2215-2232.
26. Morrison, E. W. (2014). Employee voice and silence. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 173-197.
27. Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2000). Organizational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725.
28. Pathardikar, A. D., Mishra, P. K., & Sahu, S. (2023). Procedural justice influencing affective commitment: mediating role of organizational trust and job satisfaction. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 17(2), 371-384.
29. Pinder, C. C., & Harlos, K. P. (2001). Employee silence: Quiescence and acquiescence as responses to perceived injustice. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 20, 331-369.
30. Preacher, K. J., & Selig, J. P. (2012). Advantages of Monte Carlo confidence intervals for indirect effects. Communication Methods and Measures, 6(2), 77-98.
31. Rosenbaum, D. P., & McCarty, W. P. (2017). Organizational justice and officer “buy in” in American policing. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 40(1), 71-85.
32. Roy, S., & Roy, S. K. (2015). Institutional factors and job satisfaction of college teachers: A study for West Bengal. Manthan: Journal of Commerce and Management, 2(2), 50-67.
33. Sahoo, R., & Sahoo, C. K. (2019). Organizational justice, conflict management and employee relations: The mediating role of climate of trust. International Journal of Manpower, 40(4), 783-799.
34. Sarrafoğlu, G. B., & Günsay, M. M. (2020). The effects of organizational justice and organizational silence on job satisfaction and employees’ intention to leave. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, 15(2), 85-97.
35. Sembiring, N., Nimran, U., Astuti, E. S., & Utami, H. N. (2020). The effects of emotional intelligence and organizational justice on job satisfaction, caring climate, and criminal investigation officers’ performance. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(5), 1113-1130.
36. Sen, C., Mert, I. S., & Abubakar, A. M. (2022). The nexus among perceived organizational support, organizational justice and cynicism. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 30(6), 1379-1379.
37. Tan, C. (2014). Organizational justice as a predictor of organizational silence. Educational Research and Reviews, 9(21), 1190-1202.
38. Tangirala, S., & Ramanujam, R. (2008). Employee silence on critical work issues: The cross level effects of procedural justice climate. Personnel Psychology, 61(1), 37-68.
39. Tulubas, T., & Celep, C. (2012). Effect of perceived procedural justice on faculty members’ silence: the mediating role of trust in supervisor. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 1221-1231.
40. Vakola, M., & Bouradas, D. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of organizational silence: an empirical investigation. Employee Relations, 27(5), 441-458.
41. Wang, C. C., Hsieh, H. H., & Wang, Y. D. (2020). Abusive supervision and employee engagement and satisfaction: The mediating role of employee silence. Personnel Review, 49(9), 1845-1858.
42. Whiteside, D. B., & Barclay, L. J. (2013). Echoes of silence: Employee silence as a mediator between overall justice and employee outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 116(2), 251-266.
43. Wu, M., Sun, X., Zhang, D., & Wang, C. (2016). Moderated mediation model of relationship between perceived organizational justice and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 7(2), 64-81.
44. Yavuz, A. (2022). The relationship between organizational justice and employee silence: A study on public employees. Horizons-International Scientific Journal, 30(1), 219-229.
45. Yoganandan, G., & Divya, R. (2015). Job satisfaction of employees working in private sector banks at Tiruchengode: An analysis of the contributing variables towards job satisfaction. EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies, 5(2), 34-41.
46. Zheng, X., Ke, J., Shi, J., & Zheng, X. (2008). Survey on employee silence and the impact of trust on it in China. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 40(2), 219-227.